Why are the Dual Eligible Demos Such a Hot Mess?
There’s no avoiding the steady stream of bad news facing the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) financial alignment demonstrations for dually eligible beneficiaries. Enrollment is declining, beneficiaries are opting out at epic rates, and leading states like California are slowing their efforts despite crushing budget realities. Dozens of health plans have invested millions to participate in what’s become a hot mess. Where do we go from here?
An early priority of the Affordable Care Act was to give states great flexibility in transitioning dual eligibles into health plans. Back in October 2013, over 60 participating health plans began enrolling dual eligibles through three-way capitated contracts with 13 states (VA, MA, IL, OH, CA, TX, SC, MI, NY, MN, CO, WA, RI) and CMS, representing a $40 billion annual revenue opportunity. After a strong start through the first half of 2015, the pilot programs for the most vulnerable patients in the U.S. health system started hemorrhaging. Net enrollment has declined for the last 4 months. Overall, only 30% of eligible beneficiaries are enrolled — way below expectations. The demos have been plagued by beneficiary opt-outs over 70% in some states, scared off by anti-managed care providers and advocacy groups. In some states, over one-third of eligibles “simply can’t be found.”
Some of these issues, like difficulty in locating dual eligibles given their widespread transiency, come with the territory and call for a much more aggressive community-based outreach and education campaign by state officials prior to the launch of these demonstrations. High rates of opt-outs show that outreach also must include providers and advocacy groups, especially those for the disabled, who “defined the terms of the debate” with beneficiaries and talked them out of participating before launch. One advocate noted, “Seniors have many doctors because they have multiple chronic conditions. Even the thought of losing a physician … is enough not to sign up.”
Last year, CMS conducted an independent analysis of the state demos, which found that states didn’t realize how much it would cost to implement, especially in IT infrastructure. They found huge issues with enrollment, despite a phased approach, and found health plans had a hard time keeping up with basic reconciliation, coverage and payment transactions. With this came the issue of trying to find beneficiaries to complete their initial health assessments and to educate them on the benefits of the demo in the first 90 days of enrollment. Large-scale demos, such as in Los Angeles County, were plagued with problems, whereas less ambitious launches went more smoothly. This argues for more 1915(c) home and community-based services waivers on a smaller scale and less monster 1115 waiver projects.
But the fundamental issue remains — the enrollment process —and here is where policy must change. Focus groups show that more than 40% of opt-outs were unaware they had done so — this in a state where 89% of enrollees are satisfied with the program once they are in it. This argues that voluntary enrollment is counterproductive to the goal of enrolling dual eligibles in coordinated care. Massive community-level outreach to beneficiaries, advocates, and providers must be required and paid for, followed by passive and/or facilitated enrollment processes that automatically enroll beneficiaries into plans unless they affirmatively choose otherwise. Anything less only results in pilot projects that fail to thrive.
Resources:
Join us on Thursday, May 26, from 1-2 pm ET, for an in-depth webinar analysis of the key changes finalized in the new Medicaid regulation, how these changes will affect states and managed care plans, as well as how to adapt. Register now >>
More than 200 health plan clients and an additional broad range of other industry participants each year trust Gorman Health Group’s team of professionals to deliver expert counsel and tools to help them meet their goals. We pride ourselves on having both day-to-day alignment with the latest CMS guidance and the long-term strategic vision to keep it all in perspective. Contact us today >>
Stay connected to industry news and gain perspective on how to navigate the latest issues through GHG’s weekly newsletter. Subscribe >>