CMS Releases Long-Awaited Civil Money Penalty Calculation Methodology
On September 13, 2016, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) quietly released its long-awaited proposed methodology on the calculation of Civil Money Penalties (CMPs). The memo describes the calculation method of CMPs for Medicare Advantage Organizations (MAOs), Prescription Drug Plans (PDPs), Cost Plans, and Programs of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) plans in 2017. While CMS is not mandated to release this methodology, it did so in response to industry concern over transparency of CMP calculation and to provide more clarity to compliance operations. Comments on the proposed methodology are due to CMS by 5:00 p.m. ET on October 13, 2016.
Given that 60% of the referrals for potential enforcement actions stemmed from MA and Part D program audits, this memo focused on CMP calculations for deficiencies detected during such audits. For each deficiency identified, CMS determines whether the sponsor:
- Failed to substantially carry out the contract;
- Is carrying out the contract in a manner inconsistent with the efficient and effective administration of this part; or
- Is no longer substantially meeting the applicable conditions of 42 C.F.R Parts 422 or 423.
CMS then calculates CMPs on a per enrollee or per determination basis, as developed during its pilot, to standardize CMP calculations in 2014. The main difference CMS made between the pilot and its proposed calculation is the slight increase in penalty amounts over time to “encourage” compliance with CMS’ rules. CMS also introduced an enrollment-based limit on the maximum CMP amount a sponsor can receive for each deficiency.
CMS calculates the standard penalty amount by taking the CMP amount and multiplying it by the number of enrollees or determinations. CMS then applies the aggravating and/or mitigating factors, multiplied by the number of enrollees, to the CMP which either increases or lowers the amount. Finally, CMS applies the enrollment-based or per determination limit, which caps the overall penalty CMS can issue.
The specific amounts CMS applies for the above can be found in the memo.
“In my daily conversations with Compliance professionals, the challenge to compile clean universes on the first pass is still that — a challenge — regardless of plan size,” says Regan Pennypacker, Senior Vice President of Compliance Solutions. “This memo clarifies the agency will also consider Invalid Data Submission (IDS) as a condition that could result in beneficiary harm. This is cited when a Sponsor fails to produce an accurate universe within three attempts. CMS has noted this would be cited for each element which cannot be tested, and counts as one point in the scoring. CMS will calculate a CMP for this deficiency on a per determination basis.”
This proposed methodology comes during the same time frame federal agencies are increasing CMP maximums across the board to comply with the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 2015. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) released its interim final rule on September 6 across all its agencies. Some MA maximum penalties will see a maximum increase more than double its current amount. However, as the CMP methodology memo points out, CMS rarely utilizes the maximum amounts currently, instead using amounts that are likely to “better encourage the remaining non-compliant sponsors to improve performance.” Currently these amounts are significantly lower than the maximum possible CMPs, however, this memo clearly puts plans on notice continued non-compliance will lead to increased penalty amounts that will cause a greater sting. Given this notice penalties among health plans for common infractions will increase, health plans should make sure to focus on highest risk areas like delegation oversight and appeals and grievances.
Now is the time to confirm those responsible for pulling and compiling CMS universes are equipped with the tools and skills to complete the task. Failure to produce accurate universes after a third attempt during an audit will significantly impact a CMP. Contact us for ways we can help.
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